The program employs a broad national scope but strategically prioritizes vulnerable and transitional households:

1. Vulnerable and Economically Stressed Families-Chronically low-income households, particularly those enrolled in the Inua Jamii cash transfer safety nets and the NICHE (Nutrition Improvement through Cash and Health Education) program.
2. Families at Risk of Separation including households facing high stress, domestic strife, or financial strain where children are at risk of running away or being institutionalized.
3. Alternative Caregivers including Kinship caregivers, approved foster parents, and adoptive families taking in non-biological children, with specialized guidance on attachment and trauma-informed care.
4. Parents of Children with Disabilities- Caregivers requiring adaptive, inclusive parenting techniques that dismantle localized cultural myths and support children with special developmental needs.

The NPPP is structured as a 15-week participatory training module delivered through a two and a half hours session per week. The modules includes: introduction to National positive parenting program, family relationships, role of parents and caregivers in child development, caring for yourself and caring for others, positive communication, positive play and preparing to learn, creating peaceful homes together, keeping children and families safe, positive and protective communities, positive family health and nutrition, family financial planning, positive parenting graduation ceremony.

It is executed at the grassroots level by trained Community Health Promoters (CHPs), Child Protection Volunteers (CPVs), and specialized local facilitators.

Under the NICHE program, It uses a cash plus approach, meaning it fuses financial social protection (cash transfers) with behavioral education (parenting classes) to heal the family unit economically and socially at the same time.

The scale-up of the NPPP has demonstrated substantial, documented transformations across pilot counties (such as Kilifi, Embu, Turkana, Garissa and Wajir):

1. Reduction in Household Violence -Graduating families report a distinct drop in behavioral issues and harsh physical discipline, replaced by respectful communication and mutual boundary setting.
2. Enhanced Father Engagement-Evaluation data reveals measurable increases in male participation in early childhood stimulation, emotional connection, and everyday care tasks.
3. Improved Early Childhood Outcomes-Better alignment with the Nurturing Care Framework, resulting in improved child nutrition, cognitive development, and educational readiness.

By solidifying household stability, the program serves as a critical gatekeeping mechanism that prevents new admissions into Charitable Children's Institutions (CCIs) and safely anchors children who are being reunified with family.

National Scale Commitments-The state has formal commitments to invest approximately Ksh. 2.6 billion into the program, aiming to transition its local pilots into a standardized national framework reaching 2 million families by 2027

A defining aspect of the NPPP's design is its integration of the principle of “Ubuntu” (I am because we are). By grounding evidence-based child psychological concepts within culturally relevant, communal values, the program avoids feeling foreign or lecture-based, allowing local communities to organically champion the protection of their children.